Gambus had some kind of meaning, namely: first, the music produced by the orchestra harp among the people of Jakarta and South Sumatra, the second, stringed stringed instrument known in some areas such as Jakarta, Lampung, West Nusa Tenggara, Riau, Maluku, South Sulawesi , and North Sulawesi; third, a type of folk dance from the region of Bangka, South Sumatra, brought a group of pairs, with the accompaniment of instruments consists of a harp, two drums and two maracas.According to experts, such as Kurt Sachs, Hornbostel, Kunst, Farmer and others, after holding comparisons in the study etnomusikologis covering the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, and Indonesia, have argued that the instrument is derived from the Arabian lute. In the shadow of the Europeans, the shape of the harp-like fruit typical of their country, that is, peer, while in Indonesia can be imagined is almost the same as the form of cashew butter.The origin of the entry of lute music and musical instruments to areas in Indonesia, along with the influence of Islam to the region concerned, so that the color of his music then adopt the Islamic Arabic poetry. During its development, harp music is also enriched with Malay and Indian poetry in addition also brought folk songs with a wide range of variation in the number of completeness of his instrument. Finally, it is not rare to find in the outposts, the instrument uses a small orchestra called the lute, or imitation of the harp with songs in regional languages.Although it has many variations, but without forgetting gambusnya tools and without removing the color tone of its Middle East. In addition to music lute Jakarta also include Western instruments, such as organ, guitar, violin, and so on in every appearance. While the harp music of South Sumatra has its own peculiarities, both appearance and musical accompaniment. Instrument accompaniment of harp, violins, drums, and song form ketipung rhyme with different titles. One song usually consists of six stanzas, with a singer who doubles as a music player and smart berpantun. The instrument also comes from the Arabic lute, is played by plucked (like a guitar). Between regions with each other almost the same form of lute, made of wood, but have differences in size and number of strings as well as materials.Syech Albar from Surabaya and SM Alaydrus a famous lute musicians in the 1940s. BC Alaydrus successfully developed a harmonium orchestra in 1950 to Malay orchestra. Syech Albar also maintain the tradition of lute. In the 1940s song Gambus still oriented to the south of Yemen. After Al Hambra Cinemas in Great Wetland many Egyptian movie, harp more oriented to Egypt. Harp orchestra began to fill the RRI as Al-Wardah Gambus Orchestra leader Muchtar Lutfiedan Gambus Orchestra leader Hasan al-Wathan Alaydrus.
Music Qasidah
After the inaugural issue discussed there about rabana, this time the other arts that have a lot of people played by Island Grill. Art is also a tradition that one could be called art traditions of Islam. Almost similar to a tambourine, art qasida using drums and songs brought a breath of Islam. Although it is now too often seen the songs that speak Indonesian, but he was still thick with the nuances of Islam.Bake on the island itself, the origin of developmental qasida began in the late 1960's. In addition to participating Mustafa qasida develop, there are other coaches who are also actively developing the artistic tradition of this one, the people named Joseph. Together with Mustafa, Joseph, who previously had learned qasida of land (Jakarta) divides his ability to hit the drum to the generation of women's and men's Island Grill. Maman, chairman of Island Grill Nurhasanah qasida group said that he himself learned qasida of Joseph. He recalled that at that time, there are two groups qasida generations, each of which consists of a group of men called al-Amin and a group of women named an-Ni'mah.In terms of the tools used, qasida more varied than the tambourines. Qasidah equipment consists of small drums and big drums up to a dozen total. It is terhantung on the number of personnel who are members of the group itself qasida. That is, not as tight as tambourines qasida equipment which only consists of three small drums with a special type of punch as well. How to play the drums qasida assessed more easily than the tambourines.During the "glory" qasida, traditional art is also often ditanggap by the public on special occasions or when a community celebration to welcome important guests. But as time went on and a series of changes that occur in the Island Grill, An-ni'mah qasida group and al-Amin began to fade. Only in the early 2000's, began to appear again qasida. One of the oldest group today, namely Nurhasanah qasida Group is one of the group that most exist, although the personnel are not figures that young anymore because most of them are individual persons who had never played in the group An-ni'mah. Although there are several other qasida group of younger, apparently not sepopular qasida group leader Maman Nurhasanah this."Actually, I myself like to be asked by mothers in the west to train them. But the mother of my coachee Nurhasanah sometimes less agree, I fear no longer the focus to them. I also was asked by the head of Junior School at Scout Island to train the children, but he said that there was no budget for it. I frankly would not mind because the other teachers are paid aja, I do not cook? Is not in this case we also both teachers? Actually I did not get your hopes up there paid a lot, enough to transport and cigarette money, but because there is no certainty so yes my own mind, "said Maman.Currently, qasida into art tradition that is more than art tradition exists that ever existed on this island. At the time the race qasida at the district level, for example, there are dozens of groups that compete for the title. At various celebration events in the community is still often ditanggap, for example to accompany the bridal procession around the island. The songs are sung not only Arabic poetry as tambourines, but also many contemporary songs such as newlyweds, peace, the white veil which was dipopularkan by Ria Nasida group from Semarang Central Java. Unfortunately, development of the arts of Islamic tradition on this one still has many weaknesses. Among others, it is difficult to perform routine exercise consistently. Qasidah personnel consisting of women considered to be factors such inconsistency. The personnel is often busy with household chores, study, gathering, and so forth that have contributed to the constraint to hold exercises regularly.In addition, development is still very minimal equipment. Maman said that during this time to acquire such equipment must be set aside from the drums just pay the money they earn from the responses at the community celebration. Qasidah Nurhasanah own group, for example, was once applied to local governments for help equipment, but never responded. Then the reasonable thing to do if the group itself must be very clever to get around how to seek the existence of its own equipment, ranging from drums to clothing.Unlike the tambourine is difficult to regenerate, qasida relatively more alive and still raise interest from today's generation. The existence of several groups qasida that spread from island to island is a manifestation of that interest remains strong. Now, extend qasidah living in the midst of modernity's challenge is trying to create the formulation of survival. Hope that he noticed by the authorities is part of an effort to preserve life. Onslaught of modern music such as pop, dangdut, and social change marked by the presence of media information and entertainment media will bring up another question: whether the qasida will end up like tambourines or whether he will still be enjoyed by future generations depend on the willingness of various parties to make qasida as an articulation of community space or vice versa, he is simply artistry where his responsibilities handed over to the players who would gradually fade away in the age
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